[email protected]
New Member
Download miễn phí Bài giảng Định tuyến động (Dynamic routing protocols)
Nộidung bàihọc
PhầnI
• Distance Vector routing
• Link State routing
PhầnII
• RIP
– Cáctínhnăng
– CấuhìnhRIP trênrouter
• IGRP
– Cáctínhnăng
– Cấuhình IGRP trênrouter
• EIGRP
– Cáctínhnăng
– CấuhìnhEIGRP trênrouter
• OSPF
– Cáctínhnăng
– CấuhìnhOSPFtrênrouter
Để tải bản Đầy Đủ của tài liệu, xin Trả lời bài viết này, Mods sẽ gửi Link download cho bạn sớm nhất qua hòm tin nhắn.
Ai cần download tài liệu gì mà không tìm thấy ở đây, thì đăng yêu cầu down tại đây nhé:
Nhận download tài liệu miễn phí
Tóm tắt nội dung tài liệu:
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2
Định tuyến động
(Dynamic routing protocols)
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-3
Nội dung bài học
Phần I
• Distance Vector routing
• Link State routing
Phần II
• RIP
– Các chức năng
– Cấu hình RIP trên router
• IGRP
– Các chức năng
– Cấu hình IGRP trên router
• EIGRP
– Các chức năng
– Cấu hình EIGRP trên router
• OSPF
– Các chức năng
– Cấu hình OSPF trên router
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4
Phần I
Distance Vector & Link State
Protocols
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-5
Distance Vector Routing Protocols
Router chuyển bảng routing cho tất cả các neighbor theo
những khoảng thời gian nhất định và tính toán các vector
khoảng cách.
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-6
Sources of Information and Discovering Routes
Routers tìm route tốt nhất từ bảng routing của neighbors.
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-7
Selecting the Best Route with Metrics
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-8
Link-State Routing Protocols
After initial flood, pass small event-triggered link-state
updates to all other routers
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-9
Link-State Network Hierarchy Example
• Minimizes routing table entries
• Localizes impact of a topology change within
an area
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-10
Tóm tắt Link State
• Link-state routing uses LSAs, a topological database, the SPF
algorithm, the resulting SPF tree, and a routing table of paths
and ports to each network.
• Link-state routing algorithms maintain a complex database of
the network's topology by exchanging LSAs with other routers
in a network.
• Link-state routing may flood the network with LSAs during
initial topology discovery and can be both memory- and
processor-intensive.
• Balanced hybrid routing protocols combine aspects of both
distance vector and link-state protocols.
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-11© 20 2, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 11
Phần II
Dynamic routing Protocols:
RIP-IGRP và EIGRP-OSPF
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-12
• Maximum is 6 paths (default = 4)
RIP Overview
• Hop-count metric selects the path
• Routes update every 30 seconds
• Routes invalid timer 180 seconds
• Holdown timer 180 seconds
• Flush timer 240 seconds
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-13
RIP Configuration
• Starts the RIP routing process
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#network network-number
• Selects participating attached networks
• Requires a major classful network number
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-14
RIP Configuration Example
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-15
IGRP Composite Metric
• Bandwidth
• Delay
• Reliability
• Loading
• MTU
• Routes update default every 90 seconds
• Invalid timer 3x90 seconds
• Holdown timer 3x90 + 10 seconds
• Flush timer 7x90 seconds
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-16
IGRP Unequal Multiple Paths
• Maximum 6 paths (default = 4)
• Within metric variance
• Next-hop router closer to destination
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-17
Configuring IGRP
Router(config-router)#network network-number
• Selects participating attached networks
Router(config)#router igrp autonomous-system
• Defines IGRP as the IP routing protocol
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-18
IGRP Configuration Example
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-19
Verifying the IGRP Configuration
Router#show ip protocols
Router#show ip route
Router#show ip igrp transactions
Router#debug ip igrp events
Router#debug ip igrp transactions
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-20
EIGRP routing protocol
Before EIGRP routers are willing to exchange routes with each
other, they must become neigh-bors. There are three
conditions that must be met for neighborship establishment:
• Hello or ACK received
• AS numbers match
• Identical metrics (K values)
EIGRP metric uses a combination of four:
• Bandwidth
• Delay
• Load
• Reliability
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-21
So sánh EIGRP và IGRP
• Similar metric
• Same load balancing
• Improved convergence time
• Reduced network overhead
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-22
Configuring EIGRP
Router(config)#router eigrp autonomous-system
• Defines EIGRP as the IP routing protocol
Router(config-router)#network network-number
• Selects participating attached networks
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-23
EIGRP Configuration Example
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-24
Verifying the EIGRP Configuration
Router#show ip eigrp neighbors
• Displays the neighbors discovered by IP EIGRP
Router#show ip eigrp topology
• Displays the IP EIGRP topology table
Router#show ip route eigrp
• Displays current EIGRP entries in the routing table
Router#show ip protocols
• Displays the parameters and current state of the active
routing protocol process
Router#show ip eigrp traffic
• Displays the number of IP EIGRP packets sent and received
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-25
Introducing OSPF
• Open standard
• Shortest path first (SPF) algorithm
• Link-state routing protocol (vs. distance vector)
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-26
OSPF Hierarchical Routing
• Consists of areas and autonomous systems
• Minimizes routing update traffic
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-27
Configuring Single Area OSPF
Router(config)#router ospf process-id
• Defines OSPF as the IP routing protocol
Router(config-router)#network address mask area area-id
• Assigns networks to a specific OSPF area
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-28
OSPF Configuration Example
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-29
Verifying the OSPF Configuration
Router#show ip protocols
• Verifies that OSPF is configured
Router#show ip route
• Displays all the routes learned by the router
Router#show ip ospf interface
• Displays area-ID and adjacency information
Router#show ip ospf neighbor
• Displays OSPF-neighbor information on a per-interface basis
© 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND v2.0—1-30
...