các bạn tải miễn phí ebook: English for personal assistants - part 33
160 Appendix B Punctuation
A good way to remember it is to say to yourself ‘the ... belonging to the ...’
If they’re the eyes belonging to the cat (singular) you would write: the cat’s eyes.
If they’re the eyes belonging to the cats (plural) you would write: the cats’ eyes.
If the person or people (or cats) doing the possessing already have an ‘s’ on the end,
you don’t add another one; simply stick the apostrophe on the end – that’s why you’ve
never seen anyone write ‘the cats’s eyes’. The only times when you would add an ‘s’
after a singular word that ends in ‘s’ are:
If it’s a proper name (Mr Jones’s, St James’s)
If the word ends in a double ‘ss’ (the boss’s).
You never use an apostrophe with a possessive pronoun (a word indicating possession
which replaces a noun). These are words like: yours, hers, its, theirs, ours.
It’s and its
A lot of people find these two words very confusing; ‘its’ is a possessive pronoun and
therefore has no apostrophe, while ‘it’s’ is short for ‘it is’ and does have one. The
easiest way to tell each time you write the word is to say it in your head as ‘it is’. If it
makes sense, it’s short for it is and has an apostrophe. Otherwise it doesn’t. For
example, ‘I gave the dog its breakfast’. Try the technique: ‘I gave the dog it is
breakfast.’ Complete nonsense. It clearly isn’t short for it is, so it shouldn’t have an
apostrop
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160 Appendix B Punctuation
A good way to remember it is to say to yourself ‘the ... belonging to the ...’
If they’re the eyes belonging to the cat (singular) you would write: the cat’s eyes.
If they’re the eyes belonging to the cats (plural) you would write: the cats’ eyes.
If the person or people (or cats) doing the possessing already have an ‘s’ on the end,
you don’t add another one; simply stick the apostrophe on the end – that’s why you’ve
never seen anyone write ‘the cats’s eyes’. The only times when you would add an ‘s’
after a singular word that ends in ‘s’ are:
If it’s a proper name (Mr Jones’s, St James’s)
If the word ends in a double ‘ss’ (the boss’s).
You never use an apostrophe with a possessive pronoun (a word indicating possession
which replaces a noun). These are words like: yours, hers, its, theirs, ours.
It’s and its
A lot of people find these two words very confusing; ‘its’ is a possessive pronoun and
therefore has no apostrophe, while ‘it’s’ is short for ‘it is’ and does have one. The
easiest way to tell each time you write the word is to say it in your head as ‘it is’. If it
makes sense, it’s short for it is and has an apostrophe. Otherwise it doesn’t. For
example, ‘I gave the dog its breakfast’. Try the technique: ‘I gave the dog it is
breakfast.’ Complete nonsense. It clearly isn’t short for it is, so it shouldn’t have an
apostrop
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