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Luận văn tiếng Anh:Evaluating the Vietnamese phiên bản of the book "Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul" by Jack Candfield and Mark Victor Hasen using Julliane House's model = Đánh giá chất lượng bản dịch Tiếng Việt tác phẩm “Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul” áp dụng mô hình của Julliane House. M.A Thesis Linguistics
Miêu tả:The study aims at evaluating the English-Vietnamese translation of the book ‘Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul’ by Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen using Julliane House’s model of translation quality assessment. In the study, basic concepts of translation theory in general and literary translation in particular were revealed. Then the English book was analyzed basing on eight situational dimensions of House’s model. After that the researcher provided an analysis and comparison of the English and Vietnamese phiên bản using eight dimensions suggested by Julliane House, three of language user and five of language use. With the data and information collected from the analysis of and comparison between the source text and the target text, a statement of quality was drawn out. The translation was found to have a number of mismatches and overtly errors compared with the source text. However, this translation is an overt kind of translation, which is consistent with House’s theory. Finally, implications for translation English literary works into Vietnamese were proposed
M.A. Thesis. English Linguistics -- University of Languages and International Studies: 60 22 15. Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 2013
A. INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale for the study 1
2. Significance of the study 1
3. Scope and objectives of the study 3
3.1. Scope of the study 2
3.2. Research questions 2
4. Research methods 2
5. Organization of the study 2
B. DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER I. LITERATURE REVIEW 3
1. Translation theory 3
1.1. Definitions of translation 3
1.2. Translation methods and strategies 5
1.3. Translation equivalence 10
1.4. Translation quality assessment 13
2. Literary translation 15
2.1. Characteristics of literary translation 16
2.2. Challenges in literary translation 17
3. Introduction about the book 18
CHAPTER 2. APPLICATION OF HOUSE’S MODEL FOR TRANSLATION
QUALITY ASSESSMENT 21
1. Presentation of the model 21
1.1. An overview of the model 21
1.2. Operation of the model 22
2. Application of the model 26
2.1.Analysis of the source texts 26
2.2.Statement of function 32
CHAPTER 3. DISCUSSION 34
1. Comparison of Target Text and Source Text 34
1.1.Medium 34
1.2.Participation 37
1.3.Social role relationship 37
1.4.Social attitude 38
1.5.Overtly erroneous errors 39
2. Statement of quality 41
C. CONCLUSION
1. Conclusion 42
2. Implications for translating English literary works into Vietnamese 43
3. Suggestions for further research 44
REFERENCES 45
APPENDICES I – XI
APPENDIX I. Placing of clauses and expressions of purpose and time before the
main clauses I
APPENDIX II. Use of parenthetical and appositional structures III
APPENDIX III. Spoken language signals or interjections V
APPENDIX IV. Presence of connectors VI
APPENDIX V. Presence of reference VII
APPENDIX VI. Repeated structures IX
APPENDIX VII. Noun and noun phrases are translated into clauses XI
A. INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale for the study
In the trend of globalization and integration, people are more frequent to read
books and documents written in a foreign language because that helps them to
understand and be more familiar with the thoughts, traditions, principles and actions
of the people from the culture. Therefore, translation is regarded as a significant key
interlinking people from all cultures in the world. In Vietnam, more and more
foreign books and documents are translated into Vietnamese. However, Vietnamese
readers do not always have chance to approach translations of good quality and that
a translation is considered good still draws much discussion. Each translation
theorists has his or her own founded criteria for translation quality assessment.
Among distinguished scholars of this field is Julian House who is a German
linguist, with her model for translation quality assessment.
Many famous English books have been translated into Vietnamese. „Chicken
Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul‟ by Mark Victor Hansen and Jack Canfield is
one of them. Being translated into Vietnamese, the series of the book are popular to
a number of Vietnamese readers. Nevertheless, as mentioned above, translating a
foreign text and making it acceptable by the target language readers is not easy due
to the fact that each language has its own unique features and peculiarities and
literary book translation calls for stringent and high quality standards. Therefore, an
assessment of the Vietnamese phiên bản of this book is thus desirable.
2. Significance of the study
The results of the study will be used as suggestions and references to analyze
and evaluate the quality of other literary translated works. Also, the research results
will be used as guidelines for conducting further research in translation and in other
related fields. Besides, the study will also propose some suggestions concerning the
translation of English literary works into Vietnamese.
3. Scope and objectives of the study
3.1. Scope of the study
The book series „Chicken Soup for the Soul‟ consists of almost 200 titles in
print and a study of the whole book series is therefore beyond the scope of this
paper. So, the study will analyze volume 9 of the series which is entitled “Mother
and Daughter Soul” translated by Ngoc Diep and Vi Thao Nguyen.
3.2. Research questions
The study aims at finding answers to two questions:
1. How good is the translation according to House‟s model?
2. What are the remaining problems of the translation?
4. Research methods
The paper aims at assessing the quality of the Vietnamese translation of the
book „Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul‟ by Mark Victor Hansen and
Jack Canfield. To achieve that aim, a set of criteria for assessment is essential.
House‟s model is chosen to apply in this study because of comprehensive set of
parameters for assessing functional and pragmatic equivalence of the translation
text.
Applying House‟s model, the researcher follows the chronological steps in
translation quality assessment suggested by House. Firstly, a source text (ST) is
selected, and then a register analysis is done to get the source text profile based in
the eight situational dimensions. A statement of function of the ST will be made
after that. Next, a profile of the translation text will be come up with and compared
with the ST‟s to find out mismatches before a statement of quality can be drawn
about the target text (TT).
5. Organization of the study
The study contains three chapters:
Chapter 1 – Literature Review
In this first chapter, some related concepts of translation theory and typical
models of translation quality assessment are introduced. Also, the chapter discusses
characteristics and challenges of literary translation.
Chapter 2 – Application of House‟s model for translation quality assessment
In this chapter, House‟s model for translation quality assessment will first be
presented and then applied to analyze and decide the ST profile as well as statement
of function with ideational and interpersonal meaning.
Chapter 3 – Discussion of results and implications
In the third chapter, the researcher will apply Julliane House‟s model to
analyze and compare the English ST and the Vietnamese translation one and then
draw the statement of quality.
B. DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER I – LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Translation theory
1.1. Definitions of translation
To translate is understood as to express the meaning of speech or writing in a
different language. However, in translation studies, things are not that simple.
Theorists approached translation studies differently and they proposed various
definitions of translation.
Catford (1965:20) defined translation as “the replacement of textual material
in one language (source language – SL) by equivalent textual in another language
(target language – TL)” (Catford, 1965). Also basing on the concept of equivalence,
Nida and Taber (1982) suggested that “translation consists of reproducing in the
receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the SL message, first in terms
of meaning and secondly in terms of style” (Nida and Taber. 1982). The definitions
are not limited only on Catford and Nida and Taber‟s point of view. There are
several definitions stated by some experts.
Discussing three aspects of meaning which are semantic, pragmatic and
textual, House (1977:29) introduced a tentative definition of translation.
“Translation is the replacement of text in the SL by a semantically and
pragmatically equivalent text in the TL” and these are only written texts. Similarly,
Wilss (1982) focused on written text and he considered translation a procedure
which leads from a written SL text to an optimally equivalent TL text, and which
requires the syntactic, semantic, stylistic, and text pragmatic comprehension by the
translator of the original text. In Bell‟s definition (1991), three aspects of
translations are also mentioned. He defined that translating is the transformation of
a text originally in one language into an equivalent text in a different language
retaining, as far as possible, the context of message, the formal features and the
roles of the original text.
Some other scholars approve the idea that translation deals with the meaning.
Translation with the correct structure is useless without the meaning. In Dubois‟s
point of view, translation is the expression in another language (or TL) of what has
been expressed in another (SL), preserving semantic and stylistic in equivalences
(Dubois, 1973 cited in Bell, 1991). It means that translation has to be able to say the
expression in TL as well as it is said in the SL. The translated language version
should give the same meaning on the TL when it is compared to the SL. Newmark
stated a further view towards the transferring meaning in a translation. As he says
(1988:5), translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the
way that the author intended in the text.
Unlike previous scholars, Hatim and Mason (1990) suggested that translating
is a communicative process which takes place within a social context (Hatim and
Mason, 1990:3). Translation deals with the signs and attempts to preserve semiotic
as well as other pragmatic and communicative properties which signs display.
No matter how diversely the scholars defined translation, the basic ideas they
shared are that translation does not deal with language as a system, but with
language in use and that the essence of translation lies in the preservation of
semantic, pragmatic, and textual aspects of meaning across two different languages.
1.2. Translation methods and strategies
Nida (1969) in Munday (2001:40) divide the process of translating into three
stages system: (1) analysis of message in the SL; (2) transfer; (3) reconstruction of
the transferred message in the TL.Figure 1: Translation Process
As can be seen from the diagram, ST is analyzed in terms of the intention of
the text, the intention of the translator, text styles, the readership, stylistic scales,
attitude, setting, the quality of the writing, connotations and denotations, and the
cultural aspect of the text. Then the meaning is transferred from the SL to the TL.
The last stage is the reconstruction stage in which the translator revises or re
expresses the materials in such a way that the translation product is readable and
acceptable in terms of rules and styles in the TL.
1.2.1. Translation methods
There have been various classifications of translation methods introduced by
different scholars such as Darbelnet (1973), Larson (1984), Newmark (1988),
Delisle (1999), etc. In this part, the classification by Newmark (1988) is presented
because it is more detailed and systematic.
In Newmark‟s point of view, translation methods can be categorized into two
groups which are semantic translation and communicative translation. Semantic
translation follows the form of the SL whereas communicative translation
communicates the meaning of the SL text in the natural forms of the TL. He
introduced the V-diagram of translation methods. (Newmark, 1988: 45)
Newmark briefly explained these methods as:
- Word-for-word translation: The SL word-order is preserved and words
translated singly by their most common meaning, out of context. This method is
used to understand the mechanics of SL or to explain a difficult text as a pre
translation process.
- Literal translation: The SL grammatical constructions are converted to
their nearest TL equivalents but the lexical words are translated singly, out of
context. It is used to translate general styles texts with few cultural differences such
as manuals, news, etc. It is also called borrowing translation.
- Faithful translation: The translator attempts to reproduce the precise
contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the TL grammatical
structures. Cultural words are transferred but the degree of grammatical and lexical
abnormality is maintained in the translation.
- Semantic translation: This translation method is closer to the TL than
other method in the semantic group. It takes more account of the aesthetic value of
the SL text and does not rely on cultural equivalence and make small concessions to
the readership. Therefore, it is more flexible, allows for the translator‟s intuitive
empathy with the original.
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Luận văn tiếng Anh:Evaluating the Vietnamese phiên bản of the book "Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul" by Jack Candfield and Mark Victor Hasen using Julliane House's model = Đánh giá chất lượng bản dịch Tiếng Việt tác phẩm “Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul” áp dụng mô hình của Julliane House. M.A Thesis Linguistics
Miêu tả:The study aims at evaluating the English-Vietnamese translation of the book ‘Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul’ by Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen using Julliane House’s model of translation quality assessment. In the study, basic concepts of translation theory in general and literary translation in particular were revealed. Then the English book was analyzed basing on eight situational dimensions of House’s model. After that the researcher provided an analysis and comparison of the English and Vietnamese phiên bản using eight dimensions suggested by Julliane House, three of language user and five of language use. With the data and information collected from the analysis of and comparison between the source text and the target text, a statement of quality was drawn out. The translation was found to have a number of mismatches and overtly errors compared with the source text. However, this translation is an overt kind of translation, which is consistent with House’s theory. Finally, implications for translation English literary works into Vietnamese were proposed
M.A. Thesis. English Linguistics -- University of Languages and International Studies: 60 22 15. Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 2013
A. INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale for the study 1
2. Significance of the study 1
3. Scope and objectives of the study 3
3.1. Scope of the study 2
3.2. Research questions 2
4. Research methods 2
5. Organization of the study 2
B. DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER I. LITERATURE REVIEW 3
1. Translation theory 3
1.1. Definitions of translation 3
1.2. Translation methods and strategies 5
1.3. Translation equivalence 10
1.4. Translation quality assessment 13
2. Literary translation 15
2.1. Characteristics of literary translation 16
2.2. Challenges in literary translation 17
3. Introduction about the book 18
CHAPTER 2. APPLICATION OF HOUSE’S MODEL FOR TRANSLATION
QUALITY ASSESSMENT 21
1. Presentation of the model 21
1.1. An overview of the model 21
1.2. Operation of the model 22
2. Application of the model 26
2.1.Analysis of the source texts 26
2.2.Statement of function 32
CHAPTER 3. DISCUSSION 34
1. Comparison of Target Text and Source Text 34
1.1.Medium 34
1.2.Participation 37
1.3.Social role relationship 37
1.4.Social attitude 38
1.5.Overtly erroneous errors 39
2. Statement of quality 41
C. CONCLUSION
1. Conclusion 42
2. Implications for translating English literary works into Vietnamese 43
3. Suggestions for further research 44
REFERENCES 45
APPENDICES I – XI
APPENDIX I. Placing of clauses and expressions of purpose and time before the
main clauses I
APPENDIX II. Use of parenthetical and appositional structures III
APPENDIX III. Spoken language signals or interjections V
APPENDIX IV. Presence of connectors VI
APPENDIX V. Presence of reference VII
APPENDIX VI. Repeated structures IX
APPENDIX VII. Noun and noun phrases are translated into clauses XI
A. INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale for the study
In the trend of globalization and integration, people are more frequent to read
books and documents written in a foreign language because that helps them to
understand and be more familiar with the thoughts, traditions, principles and actions
of the people from the culture. Therefore, translation is regarded as a significant key
interlinking people from all cultures in the world. In Vietnam, more and more
foreign books and documents are translated into Vietnamese. However, Vietnamese
readers do not always have chance to approach translations of good quality and that
a translation is considered good still draws much discussion. Each translation
theorists has his or her own founded criteria for translation quality assessment.
Among distinguished scholars of this field is Julian House who is a German
linguist, with her model for translation quality assessment.
Many famous English books have been translated into Vietnamese. „Chicken
Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul‟ by Mark Victor Hansen and Jack Canfield is
one of them. Being translated into Vietnamese, the series of the book are popular to
a number of Vietnamese readers. Nevertheless, as mentioned above, translating a
foreign text and making it acceptable by the target language readers is not easy due
to the fact that each language has its own unique features and peculiarities and
literary book translation calls for stringent and high quality standards. Therefore, an
assessment of the Vietnamese phiên bản of this book is thus desirable.
2. Significance of the study
The results of the study will be used as suggestions and references to analyze
and evaluate the quality of other literary translated works. Also, the research results
will be used as guidelines for conducting further research in translation and in other
related fields. Besides, the study will also propose some suggestions concerning the
translation of English literary works into Vietnamese.
3. Scope and objectives of the study
3.1. Scope of the study
The book series „Chicken Soup for the Soul‟ consists of almost 200 titles in
print and a study of the whole book series is therefore beyond the scope of this
paper. So, the study will analyze volume 9 of the series which is entitled “Mother
and Daughter Soul” translated by Ngoc Diep and Vi Thao Nguyen.
3.2. Research questions
The study aims at finding answers to two questions:
1. How good is the translation according to House‟s model?
2. What are the remaining problems of the translation?
4. Research methods
The paper aims at assessing the quality of the Vietnamese translation of the
book „Chicken Soup for Mother and Daughter Soul‟ by Mark Victor Hansen and
Jack Canfield. To achieve that aim, a set of criteria for assessment is essential.
House‟s model is chosen to apply in this study because of comprehensive set of
parameters for assessing functional and pragmatic equivalence of the translation
text.
Applying House‟s model, the researcher follows the chronological steps in
translation quality assessment suggested by House. Firstly, a source text (ST) is
selected, and then a register analysis is done to get the source text profile based in
the eight situational dimensions. A statement of function of the ST will be made
after that. Next, a profile of the translation text will be come up with and compared
with the ST‟s to find out mismatches before a statement of quality can be drawn
about the target text (TT).
5. Organization of the study
The study contains three chapters:
Chapter 1 – Literature Review
In this first chapter, some related concepts of translation theory and typical
models of translation quality assessment are introduced. Also, the chapter discusses
characteristics and challenges of literary translation.
Chapter 2 – Application of House‟s model for translation quality assessment
In this chapter, House‟s model for translation quality assessment will first be
presented and then applied to analyze and decide the ST profile as well as statement
of function with ideational and interpersonal meaning.
Chapter 3 – Discussion of results and implications
In the third chapter, the researcher will apply Julliane House‟s model to
analyze and compare the English ST and the Vietnamese translation one and then
draw the statement of quality.
B. DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER I – LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Translation theory
1.1. Definitions of translation
To translate is understood as to express the meaning of speech or writing in a
different language. However, in translation studies, things are not that simple.
Theorists approached translation studies differently and they proposed various
definitions of translation.
Catford (1965:20) defined translation as “the replacement of textual material
in one language (source language – SL) by equivalent textual in another language
(target language – TL)” (Catford, 1965). Also basing on the concept of equivalence,
Nida and Taber (1982) suggested that “translation consists of reproducing in the
receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the SL message, first in terms
of meaning and secondly in terms of style” (Nida and Taber. 1982). The definitions
are not limited only on Catford and Nida and Taber‟s point of view. There are
several definitions stated by some experts.
Discussing three aspects of meaning which are semantic, pragmatic and
textual, House (1977:29) introduced a tentative definition of translation.
“Translation is the replacement of text in the SL by a semantically and
pragmatically equivalent text in the TL” and these are only written texts. Similarly,
Wilss (1982) focused on written text and he considered translation a procedure
which leads from a written SL text to an optimally equivalent TL text, and which
requires the syntactic, semantic, stylistic, and text pragmatic comprehension by the
translator of the original text. In Bell‟s definition (1991), three aspects of
translations are also mentioned. He defined that translating is the transformation of
a text originally in one language into an equivalent text in a different language
retaining, as far as possible, the context of message, the formal features and the
roles of the original text.
Some other scholars approve the idea that translation deals with the meaning.
Translation with the correct structure is useless without the meaning. In Dubois‟s
point of view, translation is the expression in another language (or TL) of what has
been expressed in another (SL), preserving semantic and stylistic in equivalences
(Dubois, 1973 cited in Bell, 1991). It means that translation has to be able to say the
expression in TL as well as it is said in the SL. The translated language version
should give the same meaning on the TL when it is compared to the SL. Newmark
stated a further view towards the transferring meaning in a translation. As he says
(1988:5), translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the
way that the author intended in the text.
Unlike previous scholars, Hatim and Mason (1990) suggested that translating
is a communicative process which takes place within a social context (Hatim and
Mason, 1990:3). Translation deals with the signs and attempts to preserve semiotic
as well as other pragmatic and communicative properties which signs display.
No matter how diversely the scholars defined translation, the basic ideas they
shared are that translation does not deal with language as a system, but with
language in use and that the essence of translation lies in the preservation of
semantic, pragmatic, and textual aspects of meaning across two different languages.
1.2. Translation methods and strategies
Nida (1969) in Munday (2001:40) divide the process of translating into three
stages system: (1) analysis of message in the SL; (2) transfer; (3) reconstruction of
the transferred message in the TL.Figure 1: Translation Process
As can be seen from the diagram, ST is analyzed in terms of the intention of
the text, the intention of the translator, text styles, the readership, stylistic scales,
attitude, setting, the quality of the writing, connotations and denotations, and the
cultural aspect of the text. Then the meaning is transferred from the SL to the TL.
The last stage is the reconstruction stage in which the translator revises or re
expresses the materials in such a way that the translation product is readable and
acceptable in terms of rules and styles in the TL.
1.2.1. Translation methods
There have been various classifications of translation methods introduced by
different scholars such as Darbelnet (1973), Larson (1984), Newmark (1988),
Delisle (1999), etc. In this part, the classification by Newmark (1988) is presented
because it is more detailed and systematic.
In Newmark‟s point of view, translation methods can be categorized into two
groups which are semantic translation and communicative translation. Semantic
translation follows the form of the SL whereas communicative translation
communicates the meaning of the SL text in the natural forms of the TL. He
introduced the V-diagram of translation methods. (Newmark, 1988: 45)
Newmark briefly explained these methods as:
- Word-for-word translation: The SL word-order is preserved and words
translated singly by their most common meaning, out of context. This method is
used to understand the mechanics of SL or to explain a difficult text as a pre
translation process.
- Literal translation: The SL grammatical constructions are converted to
their nearest TL equivalents but the lexical words are translated singly, out of
context. It is used to translate general styles texts with few cultural differences such
as manuals, news, etc. It is also called borrowing translation.
- Faithful translation: The translator attempts to reproduce the precise
contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the TL grammatical
structures. Cultural words are transferred but the degree of grammatical and lexical
abnormality is maintained in the translation.
- Semantic translation: This translation method is closer to the TL than
other method in the semantic group. It takes more account of the aesthetic value of
the SL text and does not rely on cultural equivalence and make small concessions to
the readership. Therefore, it is more flexible, allows for the translator‟s intuitive
empathy with the original.
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